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Switching in Electrical Transmission and Distribution Systems
Switching in electrical transmission and distribution systems presents the issues and technological solutions associated with switching in power systems, from medium to ultra-high voltage. The book systematically discusses the electrical aspects of switching, details the way load and fault currents are interrupted, the impact of fault currents, and compares switching equipment in particular circuit-breakers. The authors also explain all examples of practical switching phenomena by examining real measurements from switching tests.rnOther hightlight include up to date commentary on new development in transmission and distribution technology such as ultra-high voltage systems, vacuum switchgear for high-voltage, generator circuit-breakers, distributed generation, DC-interruption, aspects of cable systems, disconnector switching, very fast transients, and circuit-breaker realiability studies.rnKey features:rn• Summarises the issues and technological solutions associated with the switching of currents in transmission and distribution systems.rn• Introduces and explain recent developments such as vacuum switchgear for transmission systems, SF6 environmental consequences and alternatives, and circuit-breaker testingrn• Provides practical guidance on how to deal with unacceptable switching transients. rn• Details the worldwide IEC (International Electrochemical Commission) standards on switching equipment, illustrating current circuit-breaker applications. rn• Features many figures and tables originating from full-power tests and established training courses, or from measurements in real networks.rn• Focuses on practical and application issues relevant to practicing engineers.rn• Essential reading for electrical engineers, utility engineers, power system application engineers, consultants and power systems asset managers, postgraduates and final year power system undergraduates.rnAt the turn of the ninteenth century, a revolution took place in electrical engineering. In a rather short time, the transformer was invented, electric generators and motors were designed, and the step from DC to AC transmission was made. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the transmission voltages were steadily increased to reduce transmissiin losses. To improve operating efficiency, power systems began to be interconnected. Reserve power or spinning reserve could be then shared and capital expenditure could be reduced.rnThis is where power" switching came in with its major task: isolating the faulted section of the system while keeping in service all healthy parts. Nowadays the power system can be regarded as one of the most complex systems ever designed
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